Fractures should be described by precise anatomic location, pattern of the fracture line, position of the fragments, degree of comminution, and whether they are open or closed. Distal tibial physeal fractures are classified by the Salter-Harris classification. Overuse injuries may also result in stress fractures of the tibia and fibula. Indirect trauma generally results in oblique or spiral fractures (see Fig. Direct trauma usually results in transverse, segmental, or comminuted fracture of the tibia with associated fibular fractures. You might not need ORIF if you fracture your tibia or your fibula. Motor vehicle or cycling accidents, contact sports, falls, and repetitive impact activities are common sources of injury that can lead to a tibia or fibula fracture. The relatively exposed subcutaneous location of the tibia makes it vulnerable to direct high-velocity injury such as motor vehicle accidents or gunshot wounds. For example, osteoporosis increases the risk of fracture. Also, the lower leg is the most common site of combined osseous and soft tissue injury. There are many treatment options in the management of tibial fractures including conservative treatment, internal fixation with plaque screws, intramedullary nailing and external fixator. Composed of several ligaments and the interosseous membrane, it prevents the tibia & fibula. The distal two thirds of the tibia is most often involved. The tibiofibular syndesmosis complex stabilises the ankle joint. Therefore, the focus will be on tibial injuries. Types include: Trimalleolar fracture - involving the lateral malleolus, medial malleolus and the distal. Since the fibula is smaller and weaker than the tibia, a force strong enough to fracture the tibia often fractures the fibula as well. Fibular fractures are usually associated with tibial fractures (see Fig. A tib-fib fracture is a fracture of both the tibia and fibula of the same leg in the same incident. Fractures of the tibial and fibular shafts are among the most common long bone fractures in adults (average age 37), teenage males (15% of all fractures), and comprise 4% to 5% of all childhood fractures.
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